EBPF

LockBit 5.0 Linux encrypts files with ChaCha20+Curve25519 with zero network activity — the public key is embedded at compile time. strace attachment triggers immediate termination. Free space is actively wiped post-encryption to prevent carving. Full analysis pipeline: eBPF syscall tracing, Ghidra static RE of crypto routines, pcap-confirmed network behavior, and extracted IOCs including file markers, dropped ransom note paths, and encryption extension patterns.

eBPF executes verified bytecode at kernel hook points — kprobes, tracepoints, XDP driver level — with JIT-compiled native performance and no module stability risk. XDP intercepts packets before the kernel networking stack for DDoS mitigation at millions of packets/second. Kprobes attach to any kernel function for real-time syscall argument tracing. Security application: behavioral detection that captures syscall sequences regardless of compiler artifacts or CFG obfuscation — the only reliable detection layer against pure assembly implants.